@article{oai:gpwu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000042,
 author = {毛塚, 恵美子 and Kezuka, Emiko and 天野, 幸子 and Amano, Sachiko},
 journal = {群馬県立女子大学紀要},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {Article, Tool use is one of the goal directed actions infants learn efficiently through interacting withadults.  This study examines the roles of infants’attention to an adult’s hand and joint engagement with an adult in learning tool use, and describes their development in understanding the intention of the adult.  In Experiment 1, an experimenter inserted a toy car into an opaque tunnel,then showing how to extract the car by using a hammer. Forty-nine 6-,10-, 12-and 19-month-olds were then asked to get the car from the tunnel.19-month-olds could use the hammer as a tool by themselves,while more than 80% “Failure” was recorded with the 6-, 10-and 12-month-olds. In Experiment 2,the opaque tunnel was replaced by a transparent one.  Thirty-five 6-, 10-, and 12-month-olds participated. Success in joint engagement was more observable with the transparent tunnel compared to the opaque one in 10-and 12-month-olds.  10-month-olds grasped the goal (the car coming out), connecting it to the actor (or her hand holding the hammer), through joint engagement with the adult. These results indicate that interaction with an adult and making the function of a tool transparent to infants both facilitate infant understanding of adult intention and causality with objects., 群馬県立女子大学紀要　36,(1)-(18),2015},
 pages = {(1)--(18)},
 title = {Infants’Understanding the Intention and Goal of an Adult’s Action with Objects : Why Do They Look at the Adult’s Hand?},
 volume = {36},
 year = {2015}
}